Mometasone furoate sinus implant – a new targeted approach to treating recurrent nasal polyp disease

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a broad heterogeneous inflammatory disorder of the nose and paranasal sinuses, resulting from the dysfunctional interplay between host immunity, defective epithelial barrier, and environmental factors. CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is considered a more severe clinical phenotype with greater burden of symptoms and higher relapse rate, especially with comorbid asthma or aspirin sensitivity. Available treatment options after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) – systemic corticosteroids or revision surgery – have significant risks and limitations.

Areas covered: Bioabsorbable, steroid-eluting implants have been studied extensively for the ability to dilate and re-establish sinus patency by the localized, controlled delivery of topical corticosteroids to diseased sinonasal lining and nasal polyps. This review provides a comprehensive, up to date analysis of the literature regarding a novel, office-based, mometasone furoate (MF) sinus implant that may treat patients with recurrent CRSwNP after ESS.

Expert commentary: Clinical evidence has demonstrated the safety and efficacy of steroid-eluting implant in the reduction of polyp size, symptom burden, and the need for revision sinus surgery. MF sinus implants may play an important role in the management of patients with recurrent polyposis after sinus surgery.     

酸性哺乳动物几丁质酶和嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子mRNA在鼻息肉中的表达及意义

目的 探讨酸性哺乳动物几丁质酶(AMCase)和嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子(eotaxin-1)mRNA在鼻息肉中的表达及意义.方法 选取45例行鼻内窥镜手术治疗的鼻息肉患者的鼻息肉组织作研究对象(观察组),15例行下鼻甲部分切除术治疗的鼻中隔偏曲代偿性慢性肥厚性鼻炎患者的下鼻甲黏膜作研究对象(对照组).采用反转录-聚合酶链反应( RT-PCR)结合半定量分析方法检测和比较两组AMCase、eotaxin-1的表达水平.结果 AMCase和eotaxin-1在观察组和对照组中均有表达,AMCase在观察组和对照组中的mRNA表达比率为42.24±12.85和5.46±1.17,eotaxin-1为11.93 +2.89和2.43±1.37,观察组表达水平均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 AMCase和eotaxin-1 mRNA表达水平与鼻息肉相关,可能能作为预后判断的参考指标.     

根除幽门螺杆菌对胃增生性息肉的治疗作用

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌与胃息肉的关系及根除幽门螺杆菌对胃增生性息肉的治疗作用。方法选取2009年1月—2012年3月来该院治疗的胃息肉患者154例,根据胃息肉病理类型分为增生型组、炎性组、胃底腺型组及腺瘤型组,检测患者的幽门螺杆菌,分析幽门螺杆菌感染与不同类型息肉的相关性。对所有患者进行ESD法切除胃息肉,对幽门螺杆菌阳性的患者进行四联根除螺旋杆菌治疗。将清菌后的病人按清菌成功与否分为清菌成功组及清菌失败组,对两组病人进行随访观察,比较两组间息肉复发率有无差异。结果本研究发现154例胃息肉患者中,增生型72例,占46.75%,胃底腺型56例,占36.36%,炎性息肉15例,占9.74%,腺瘤型11例,占7.14%。Hp感染率由高到低依次为炎性>增生型>胃底腺型>腺瘤型。所有患者均完成ESD法息肉切除术,在随访观察中发现增生性息肉成功清除幽门螺杆菌后,明显低于其他病理类型的复发率,且清菌成功组的复发率明显低于清菌失败组。结论幽门螺旋杆菌感染与增生性息肉的发生关系密切,增生性息肉患者根除幽门螺杆菌后,不易复发,根除幽门螺杆菌对胃增生性息肉具有良好的治疗作用。     

系统干预对子宫内膜息肉TCRP术后复发结局影响分析

目的探讨系统护理干预措施对子宫内膜息肉TCRP术后复发结局的影响。方法选择在我院就诊治疗的132例子宫内膜息肉患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组66例,两组均采用宫腔镜手术联合3个周期妈富隆治疗,对照组给予常规护理措施,观察组在术前、术后、出院后采取一对一系统护理干预措施,了解妈富隆服药依从性(按时、按量、无间断)、患者术后月经改善(经量、经期、周期恢复)、子宫内膜息肉复发情况。结果两组出院后10d、第二周期、第三周期不同时间段妈富隆服药依从性比较,观察组显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);术后子宫内膜息肉复发观察组5例(7.50%),对照组15例(22.72%),对照组复发率显著高于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论服药不规律或随意终止孕激素周期治疗影响EP术后复发结局,采取系统干预措施可提高患者对妈富隆周期治疗依从性,减少复发率。     

初次鼻内镜手术与修正性鼻内镜手术对慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者生活质量的影响

目的探究初次鼻内镜手术(PESS)与修正性鼻内镜手术(RESS)对于慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP)患者生活质量的影响。方法对120例CRSwNP患者(其中97例患者行PESS术、23例患者行RESS术)进行术前、术后12个月追踪调查,采用Lund-Mackay评分、Lanza-Kennedy评分和汉化版鼻腔鼻窦结局测试(SNOT)20量表对2组患者进行主客观评价。结果 2组术前Lund-Mackay平均评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组术前、术后12个月患者的Lund-Kennedy和SNOT20评分均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论行PESS手术对于改善患者生活质量程度比RESS手术要好。不管是RESS还是PESS,功能性鼻内镜下鼻息肉切除术都是一种有效改善患者生活质量的方法。     

Efficacy and Tolerability of Prucalopride in Patients with Constipation due to Spinal Cord Injury

Background: Chronic constipation (CC) often occurs after spinal cord injury (SCI). Prucalopride is a novel, highly selective, specific serotonin 4 receptor agonist with enterokinetic properties. We evaluate the tolerability and pilot efficacy of prucalopride in the treatment of CC due to SCI. Methods: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot, phase II, dose-escalation study. After 4 weeks' run in, patients received prucalopride 1 mg ( n = 8) or placebo ( n = 4); 11 new patients were randomized to prucalopride 2 mg ( n = 8) or placebo ( n = 3) once daily for 4 weeks. Patients recorded bowel function (diary) and assessed constipation severity and treatment efficacy (visual analogue scale (VAS) 0-100 mm). Colonic transit times were determined. Results: Compared with run in, mean changes in constipation severity (VAS) increased with placebo, but decreased with prucalopride 1 and 2 mg. The VAS score for treatment efficacy showed a clear dose response (medians 4, 52 and 73 for placebo, 1 and 2 mg, respectively). Diary data showed an improvement in average weekly frequency of all bowel movements over 4 weeks within the 2 mg group (median 0.6; 95% CI 0.2; 1.2). There was a significant reduction in median colonic transit time with 2 mg ( n = 4; -38.5 h (95% CI-80; -5)). Four patients (2 mg) reported moderate/severe abdominal pain, and two of these discontinued treatment. There were no clinically relevant effects on any of the safety parameters. Conclusion: This pilot study indicates that prucalopride can play an important role in the management of patients with CC due to SCI.